Real estate prices can have a profound impact on an area. They can cause urban decay, over crowding as well as an urban renaissance.
Decline
In Harlem and many other inner city areas of large American cities, real estate prices dropped due to lower demand and the resulting surplus in supply. This trend was largely caused by suburban migration. Lower real estate prices had a negative effect on landlords, who in these declining neighborhoods became known as “slumlords.” Slumlords are notorious for not caring for the properties and letting them slip into a state of severe disrepair. Often, though, landlords in blighted urban areas did not have funds to care for their worthless and unprofitable properties. In many American slums, the situation became so dire that landlords were known to set their properties on fire in order to commit insurance fraud and collect the insurance policy payouts.
Overcrowding
In many areas of California, rising real estate prices have had an adverse effect as well. In northern Monterey County, for example, the median home price has risen to approximately $712,000, while the median household income has remained at roughly $48,000. This extreme real estate price hike has excluded the vast majority of potential home buyers from the market. It is now estimated that an income of over $120,000 is needed to live the “average middle-class lifestyle” in Monterey County. In Soledad, California, according to the 2000 US Census, one out of every three housing units is overcrowded.
Urban Renaissance
In some areas, rising home prices have caused an urban renaissance. Rising home prices can transform unprofitable and decaying properties into potential gold mines. In many areas, landlords renovated their now-profitable properties, while other properties were bought by developers, who renovated them, seeing the neighborhoods’ potential. Many downtown areas of large American cities have enjoyed a significant reawakening of interest in inner-city properties, which has rejuvenated these once blighted areas. Thanks in part to rising real estate prices, many inner cities have experienced a true urban renaissance. This can lead to gentrification.
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